friction

FRIK-shuhn /ˈfrɪkʃən/
nounB2SATACTIELTS
generalscientificmetaphorical

The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another; (metaphorically) conflict or clash of wills, temperaments, or opinions.

In domestic life, 'friction' refers to the small, irritating tensions that build up over time, rather than a massive, explosive fight.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'fricare', meaning 'to rub'. It entered English in the 16th century as a physical term for rubbing two objects together. By the 18th century, writers began using it metaphorically to describe the 'rubbing' of different personalities against each other.

Word relationships

  • tension: 'Tension' is a feeling of stretched, unexpressed strain; 'friction' is the active rubbing or clashing that occurs during interaction.
  • discord: 'Discord' refers to a lack of harmony or agreement, often more vocal or structural than the daily rubbing of 'friction'.
  • harmony: A state of peaceful agreement and cooperation.
  • concord: Agreement or harmony between people or groups.

Commonly confused with

  • fraction: A 'fraction' is a small part or numerical ratio; 'friction' is resistance or conflict.

Word family

  • frictional (adjective): Relating to or caused by friction.
  • frictionless (adjective): Smooth; having no friction or resistance.

Collocations

  • cause friction
  • reduce friction
  • constant friction
  • source of friction

Example sentences

  • "Leaving dirty dishes in the sink was a constant source of friction between the roommates." Roommate disagreements
  • "The oil reduces friction between the moving parts of the engine." Physics experiment

Memory hook

Friction is like 'affliction' caused by people 'rubbing' you the wrong way. Friction: Tensions that rub people the wrong way.

When not to use

Do not use 'friction' to describe a single, massive physical brawl or war; it implies ongoing, rubbing tension or resistance.

Fun facts

  • In user experience (UX) design, 'friction' refers to anything that slows a user down when using an app, such as a long checkout form.

Related words

compatible, boundary

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