polytheism

POL-ee-thee-iz-uhm /ˈpɒliˌθiːɪzəm/
nounB2GRESAT
academicformal

The belief in or worship of more than one god.

Describes religious systems organized around a divine hierarchy or cosmos inhabited by multiple gods.

The story behind the word. Formed from Greek 'poly-' (many) and 'theos' (god), first used by Jewish writer Philo of Alexandria in Greek, and adapted into English in the 17th century.

Word relationships

  • multitheism: Rare variant for polytheism, though polytheism remains the standard formal term.
  • monotheism: Belief in only one supreme God.

Commonly confused with

  • pantheism: Pantheism identifies God with the universe itself, while polytheism believes in distinct personal gods.

Word family

  • polytheist (noun): A person who believes in multiple gods.
  • polytheistic (adjective): Relating to or practicing polytheism.

Collocations

  • ancient polytheism
  • Greco-Roman polytheism
  • polytheism and monotheism

Example sentences

  • "Ancient Greek polytheism featured distinct divine personalities presiding over specific aspects of human experience." Classical Mythology
  • "Practitioners of ancient polytheism often integrated foreign gods into their existing pantheon without conflict." Anthropology

Memory hook

POLY means MANY, THEISM means belief in god. Poly-theism = worship of MANY gods. Many gods in one realm.

When not to use

Do not confuse with animism, which attributes souls to plants, objects, and natural phenomena specifically.

Fun facts

  • Most ancient civilizations prior to the Axial Age practiced forms of polytheism.

Related words

monotheism, pantheon, deity

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