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stratification

strat-if-ih-KAY-shun /ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

nounC1GREUPSC

academicscientific

The arrangement or classification of something into different groups or layers.

In sociology, it refers specifically to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals into social classes, castes, or divisions.

The story behind the word. The word comes from the Latin 'stratum,' meaning 'something spread out' (like a bedspread). Geologists first used it to describe rock layers, and sociologists later borrowed it to describe the 'layers' of human society.

Word relationships

categorization: Categorization is just sorting; stratification implies a hierarchy of levels.

homogenization: The process of making things uniform or similar, removing layers.

Commonly confused with

classification: Classification is general sorting; stratification is specifically about layers (strata).

Word family

stratify (verb): To form or arrange into strata.
stratum (noun): A single layer.

Collocations

social stratification
economic stratification
increased stratification

Example sentences

"Social stratification in the city was visible in the stark contrast between the luxury high-rises and the slums." Sociology lecture.
"The stratification of the rock layers allowed the scientists to date the fossils accurately." Geology.

Memory hook

Think of a 'strata' cake or a lasagna—it's all about the layers, from the bottom to the top. Layers of society.

When not to use

Don't use it for a simple list; it implies a vertical hierarchy or layers.

Fun facts

The word 'street' actually comes from the same root 'stratum,' because Roman roads were built in layers.