bullying
BUUL-ee-ing
/ˈbʊliɪŋ/
The use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate, or aggressively dominate others.
Typically involves a power imbalance, is repeated over time, and is intentional. It can be physical, verbal, social (relational), or cyber.
The story behind the word. The word 'bully' has a surprisingly complex and shifting history. It entered English from Dutch 'boel,' which originally meant 'lover' or 'brother.' By the 17th century, its meaning had shifted dramatically to 'pimp' or 'ruffian,' indicating a person who exploited or intimidated others. The verb 'to bully' emerged later, solidifying its association with intimidating and aggressive behavior, especially towards the weaker.
Word relationships
- harassment: Similar, but 'bullying' often implies a more direct, aggressive, and repeated form of intimidation, especially among peers.
- intimidation: The act of making someone feel afraid or less confident, often a component of bullying.
- persecution: More severe and systematic oppression, often based on group identity.
- support: Providing encouragement and help.
- protection: Keeping someone safe from harm.
Commonly confused with
- conflict: 'Conflict' is a disagreement between equals; 'bullying' involves a power imbalance and intentional harm.
Word family
- bully (noun): A person who uses strength or influence to harm or intimidate those who are weaker.
- bully (verb): To intimidate or persecute.
Collocations
- stop bullying
- prevent bullying
- cyberbullying
- workplace bullying
- anti-bullying campaign
Example sentences
- "The school implemented a zero-tolerance policy against bullying to protect its students." Discussing school safety.
- "Workplace bullying can create a toxic environment, leading to stress and reduced productivity among employees." Describing workplace harassment.
- "Cyberbullying, which occurs online, has become a significant concern for parents and educators." From a news report.
Memory hook
Think of a 'bull' pushing others around forcefully. Bull pushing
When not to use
Do not use 'bullying' for a single, isolated incident of meanness or conflict, unless it's part of a larger pattern. It implies a sustained pattern of harmful behavior.
Fun facts
- The term 'bully' was once a term of endearment, meaning 'darling' or 'sweetheart,' before evolving to its current negative connotation.
Explore more words
Harassment, cyberbullying, coerce, extortion, domineer, coercion
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