centrifuge
As a noun: A machine that rotates at high speed, applying centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities, typically liquids from solids or liquids from other liquids. As a verb: To separate substances using a centrifuge.
The effectiveness of a centrifuge depends on the speed of rotation and the density difference between the components being separated.
Word relationships
- separator: A general term; 'centrifuge' specifies a method of separation using centrifugal force.
Word family
- centrifugation (noun): The process of separating substances using a centrifuge.
- centrifugal (adjective): Moving or tending to move away from a center.
Collocations
- high-speed centrifuge
- benchtop centrifuge
- spin in a centrifuge
- centrifuge a sample
Example sentences
- "The blood sample was placed in the centrifuge to separate the plasma from the red blood cells." Blood analysis
- "We need to centrifuge the solution at 5,000 RPM for ten minutes to pellet the cells." Laboratory procedure
Memory hook
Think of 'CENTRE' and 'FUGE' (like 'refuge' – fleeing). The machine makes things flee from the center. CENTRI-fuge: flee center
When not to use
Do not use 'centrifuge' for general mixing or for separating substances that are not affected by density differences (e.g., magnetic separation).
Fun facts
- Centrifuges are used in many industries beyond laboratories, including dairy (to separate cream from milk), laundry (spin dryers), and even space travel (to simulate gravity).
- The concept of centrifugal force was described by Christiaan Huygens in the 17th century.
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