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competency

KOM-puh-tun-see /ˈkɒmpɪtənsi/

nounC1GMATIELTSUPSC

FormalProfessional

The ability to do something successfully or efficiently; a specific skill or quality.

Competency is often used in HR to describe a cluster of related abilities, commitments, knowledge, and skills.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'competere', which meant 'to strive together' or 'to be fit'. It shares a root with 'compete', but while 'compete' focuses on the struggle against others, 'competency' focuses on being 'fit' for the task at hand.

Word relationships

proficiency: Proficiency is how well you do something; competency is the underlying ability or qualification to do it.
capability: Capability is the potential to do something; competency is the proven ability to do it.

incompetence: The total lack of ability or skill required for a task.

Commonly confused with

competition: Competition is a contest between rivals; competency is an individual's skill level.

Word family

competent (adjective): Having the necessary ability or knowledge.
competencies (noun): Plural of competency, often used to list required skills.

Collocations

core competency
demonstrate competency
cultural competency
competency framework

Example sentences

"The role requires a high level of core competency in data analysis and project management." A job description requirement.
"Core competency is the engine for new business development." A management theory book.

Memory hook

A 'competent' person can 'compete' because they have the 'competency'. Being fit for the job.

When not to use

Don't use it for a single, simple task (like 'stapling papers'). Use it for complex professional abilities (like 'strategic thinking').

Fun facts

In legal terms, 'competency' refers to a person's mental capacity to participate in legal proceedings.