deduction
An amount that is or may be subtracted from something, especially from taxable income or tax to be paid.
Specifically refers to reducing the income subject to tax, which is different from a tax credit (which reduces the tax itself dollar-for-dollar).
Word relationships
- write-off: A write-off is a more colloquial term often used in business contexts, whereas deduction is the formal legal term used on tax forms.
- subtraction: Subtraction is a general mathematical term, while deduction is strictly used for financial or logical reductions.
- addition: Addition is a general mathematical increase, whereas deduction is a subtraction.
- surcharge: A surcharge is an extra fee or tax added to an existing cost.
Commonly confused with
- credit: A deduction reduces your taxable income, while a credit directly reduces your final tax liability dollar-for-dollar.
Word family
- deduct (verb): To subtract an amount from a total.
- deductible (adjective): Able to be subtracted from taxable income.
Collocations
- standard deduction
- itemized deduction
- claim a deduction
- tax deduction
Example sentences
- "The standard deduction is a flat amount that reduces your taxable income." Tax Preparation Guide
Memory hook
Think of 'deducting' as 'ducking' down—you are lowering your taxable income so you pay less. Deduct to duck under high taxes.
When not to use
Do not use when referring to a physical removal of an object, or when you mean a logical conclusion (though 'deduction' can mean logical reasoning, in financial contexts it is strictly subtraction).
Fun facts
- In the US, people have tried to claim bizarre tax deductions, including a pet cat's food (claimed as pest control) and a private swimming pool (claimed as medical therapy).
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