reciprocate

ri-SIP-ruh-kayt /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt/
verbC1SATTOEFL
NeutralFormal

To respond to a gesture or action by making a corresponding one.

The most neutral word in the group; it can be used for returning a favor, a feeling, or an attack.

The story behind the word. From the Latin 'reciprocus', which describes a back-and-forth motion, like the tides of the sea. It suggests a rhythmic exchange between two parties.

Word relationships

  • requite: A more formal or literary version of the same idea.
  • return: The simplest way to say the same thing.
  • ignore: To fail to respond at all.

Commonly confused with

  • retaliate: 'Reciprocate' is often positive; 'retaliate' is always negative.

Word family

  • reciprocity (noun): The practice of exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
  • reciprocal (adjective): Given, felt, or done in return.

Collocations

  • reciprocate a favor
  • reciprocate feelings
  • fully reciprocate

Example sentences

  • "I would like to reciprocate your hospitality by inviting you to dinner at my house." Social etiquette
  • "She was devastated to learn that her feelings were not reciprocated." Romance

Memory hook

Think of a 'Recip-ro-cating' saw. It moves back and forth. Reciprocating is 'moving back and forth' with actions or feelings. Back and forth.

When not to use

If you specifically mean 'hitting back' in anger, 'retaliate' is more precise.

Fun facts

  • In mechanics, a 'reciprocating engine' is one where the pistons move up and down in a straight line.

Related words

requital, retaliate, redress

Explore more words

reciprocal, reciprocity, Interact, lend

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