conductor

kuhn-DUK-ter /kənˈdʌktər/
nounB2SATACTTOEFLIELTS
technicalacademicprofessional

A material or object that allows electricity, heat, or sound to flow through it easily.

While any material can technically pass electricity under extreme conditions, a conductor refers specifically to materials (like copper or silver) with free electrons that facilitate easy flow with minimal loss.

The story behind the word. From the Latin con- (together) and ducere (to lead). Originally used in the 14th century to describe a guide or leader of people, it was adopted by natural philosophers in the 18th century to describe materials that 'led' the mysterious fluid of electricity along with them.

Word relationships

  • transmitter: Transmitter is more general and often refers to sending signals or waves through space, whereas a conductor physically carries a current or heat through its substance.
  • insulator: An insulator is a material that actively resists or prevents the flow of electricity or heat.

Commonly confused with

  • conduit: A conduit is a protective pipe or channel for housing wires, whereas a conductor is the wire itself that carries the current.

Word family

  • conduct (verb): To allow heat or electricity to pass through.
  • conductive (adjective): Having the property of conducting heat or electricity.
  • conductivity (noun): The degree to which a specified material conducts electricity.

Collocations

  • good conductor
  • electrical conductor
  • thermal conductor
  • metallic conductor

Example sentences

  • "Copper is widely used in household wiring because it is an excellent conductor of electricity." A description of standard electrical wiring materials.
  • "Metals in general are the best conductors, whereas non-metals are usually poor conductors." A classic scientific observation of electrical properties.

Memory hook

Think of a train conductor who 'leads' the train along the tracks; an electrical conductor 'leads' the electrical current along the wire. The conductor leads the electrical orchestra.

When not to use

Do not confuse with a 'conduit,' which is a physical pipe or tube that protects wires, rather than the material of the wire itself.

Fun facts

  • Silver is actually a better conductor of electricity than copper, but copper is used far more often because it is much cheaper and more ductile.
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