infraction

in-FRAK-shuhn /ɪnˈfrækʃən/
nounC1GRESAT
formallegal

A violation or infringement of a law, agreement, or set of rules, typically one that is minor and not classified as a serious crime.

An infraction is usually a minor offense (like jaywalking or parking in a red zone) that is punished by a fine rather than jail time.

The story behind the word. Infraction comes from the Latin 'infringere', which combines 'in-' (into) and 'frangere' (to break). It literally means 'a breaking into' the law. It shares this root with 'fracture' and 'fragile'.

Word relationships

  • violation: Violation is a broader term that can describe both minor infractions and major criminal offenses.
  • breach: Breach is typically used for contracts, security, or trust, rather than traffic laws.
  • compliance: Compliance is the act of obeying rules, whereas an infraction is breaking them.

Commonly confused with

  • felony: A felony is a severe crime carrying prison time, whereas an infraction is a minor rule break punished by a fine.

Word family

  • infract (verb): To violate or infringe a law or agreement.

Collocations

  • minor infraction
  • traffic infraction
  • commit an infraction
  • infraction of the rules

Example sentences

  • "A minor traffic infraction, such as failing to signal, rarely results in a criminal record." A legal analysis of minor traffic offenses.

Memory hook

An infraction is like a minor 'fracture' in the legal system—it's a small break of the rules. Infraction is a fraction of a crime.

When not to use

Do not use 'infraction' for major crimes like grand theft or assault, which are felonies or misdemeanors.

Fun facts

  • In sports like basketball or soccer, minor rule breaks that do not warrant a penalty card are often referred to as infractions.

Related words

violation, citation

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