rucksack
RUK-sak
/ˈrʌksæk/
A bag with shoulder straps which allow it to be carried on someone's back, typically made of strong, waterproof material and used by hikers.
Often used interchangeably with backpack, but 'rucksack' frequently carries a connotation of a rugged, heavy-duty, or military-style pack.
The story behind the word. Borrowed directly from German in the mid-19th century, combining 'Rücken' (the back) and 'Sack' (bag or sack). It was popularized in English by Alpine climbers who preferred the rugged, specialized German gear and adopted the native terminology along with it.
Word relationships
- backpack: Backpack is the standard, universally understood American term, while rucksack is borrowed from German and is more common in military, alpine, and British contexts.
- knapsack: Knapsack typically refers to a smaller, simpler canvas bag, often without a frame or advanced hip straps.
Commonly confused with
- haversack: A haversack is a small bag carried over a single shoulder, whereas a rucksack has two shoulder straps and is carried on the back.
Word family
- rucksack (noun): A rugged backpack.
Collocations
- heavy rucksack
- pack a rucksack
- canvas rucksack
- military rucksack
Example sentences
- "She slung her heavy rucksack over her shoulders, adjusted the chest strap, and began the steep climb up the mountain." A hiking guide
- "Soldiers must pack their rucksacks carefully, placing the heaviest items close to the spine to prevent back strain." A military training manual
Memory hook
Imagine walking so far with a heavy bag on your back that your 'ruck' (back) begins to 'sack' (sag) under the weight. A heavy 'sack' carried on your 'ruck' (German for back).
When not to use
Do not use to describe a small, fashionable purse or a rolling suitcase used for airport travel.
Fun facts
- In the British Army, the standard infantry rucksack is officially referred to as 'the Bergen,' named after a famous Norwegian backpack design from the early 20th century.
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