timid
TIM-id
/ˈtɪm.ɪd/
Lacking courage or self-confidence; easily frightened or hesitant.
Refers to a gentle, quiet shyness or mild nervousness, often harmless or temporary rather than deeply contemptible.
The story behind the word. Entered Middle English in the 15th century via Old French from Latin 'timidus', derived directly from 'timere' (to fear). It originally denoted a person prone to apprehension and alarming thoughts.
Word relationships
- shy: 'Shy' focuses on social discomfort, while 'timid' emphasizes a general tendency to feel fear or shrink from action.
- fearful: 'Fearful' describes an immediate state of feeling fear, whereas 'timid' often describes a lasting personality trait.
- bold: 'Bold' implies a willingness to take risks and stand out confidently.
- audacious: 'Audacious' stresses fearless daring, often defying convention or danger.
Commonly confused with
- timorous: 'Timorous' is a more literary, formal synonym of 'timid' that often emphasizes visible nervousness or trembling fear.
Word family
- timidity (noun): The quality or state of being timid.
- timidly (adverb): In a timid, hesitant, or fearful manner.
Collocations
- timid smile
- timid voice
- timid approach
- timid creature
Idioms & expressions
- as timid as a mouse
Example sentences
- "The timid man calls himself cautious, the covetous man thrifty." Classical Maxim
- "The timid deer paused at the tree line, ears twitching at every murmur of the forest." Wildlife Observation
Memory hook
Think of a 'timid' person asking for 'TIME' before stepping out into a crowd because they are frightened. Timid = easily intimidated.
When not to use
Do not use when describing despicable or treacherous cowardice; use craven or recreant for severe moral failure.
Fun facts
- In early English medical texts, timidity was believed to be caused by an overabundance of phlegm or black bile.
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