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precision

pruh-SIZH-un /prɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

nounB2TOEFLIELTSGRESATACT

generaltechnical

The quality of being sharp, exact, and highly reproducible in detail or measurement.

In science, precision means getting repeatable, consistent results, distinct from accuracy (closeness to absolute truth).

The story behind the word. Formed from Latin prae (before) + caedere (to cut). To be precise literally meant to 'cut away everything unnecessary', leaving behind only the exact, sharp essence.

Word relationships

exactness: Exactness refers to freedom from error; precision refers to exact repeatability and fine detail.
accuracy: Accuracy is closeness to the true value; precision is repeatability among multiple measurements.

imprecision: Lack of exactness, detail, or repeatability.
vagueness: Indefinite or non-specific character.

Commonly confused with

accuracy: Accuracy means hitting the bullseye; precision means hitting the exact same spot every time, even if off-center.

Word family

precise (adjective): Exact, accurate, or sharply defined.
precisely (adverb): In a precise manner.

Collocations

high precision
precision instrument
surgical precision
measure with precision

Example sentences

"The experiment demanded extreme precision to ensure reproducible results across different trials." Measurement Science
"Laser cutters offer a degree of precision impossible to achieve with manual cutting tools." Engineering

Memory hook

PRECISE cuts PREVENT excess material; cutting off the extra gives precision. Cut away all error for exact repeatability.

When not to use

Do not confuse with accuracy when discussing hitting a true target value.

Fun facts

The distinction between accuracy and precision was formally codified by physical scientists in the 19th century using the target-and-darts analogy.