Macromolecule
MAK-roh-MOL-uh-kyool
/ˌmækroʊˈmɒlɪkjuːl/
A very large molecule, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
While all polymers are macromolecules, not all macromolecules are polymers. A macromolecule simply means a very large molecule, regardless of whether it's made of repeating units.
The story behind the word. The term 'macromolecule' combines the Greek prefix 'macro-', meaning 'large' or 'long,' with 'molecule.' Hermann Staudinger, a German chemist and Nobel laureate, is credited with popularizing the concept and term in the early 20th century, championing the idea that substances like rubber and cellulose were not just aggregates of small molecules but actual giant molecules held together by strong chemical bonds.
Word relationships
- polymer: A polymer is a specific type of macromolecule made of repeating units; 'macromolecule' is a broader term for any very large molecule.
- micromolecule: A theoretical or informal term for a very small molecule, though 'small molecule' is more common.
Commonly confused with
- Molecule: A molecule is any group of atoms bonded together; a macromolecule is specifically a very large molecule.
Word family
- macromolecular (adjective): relating to or consisting of macromolecules
Collocations
- biological macromolecule
- synthetic macromolecule
- macromolecular structure
- macromolecular chemistry
Example sentences
- "The intricate structure of the DNA macromolecule allows it to store and transmit vast amounts of data." DNA is a prime example of a biological macromolecule that carries genetic information.
- "Researchers are developing novel synthetic macromolecules for drug delivery systems." Synthetic chemists often work to create new macromolecules with specific properties.
- "Understanding how these giant macromolecules fold and interact is critical for many scientific fields." The study of macromolecules is a cornerstone of biochemistry and materials science.
Memory hook
Think 'MACRO-scope' (for seeing large things) and 'MACRO-molecule' (a large molecule). Large molecule.
When not to use
Do not use 'macromolecule' for small molecules like water, carbon dioxide, or simple sugars.
Fun facts
- The concept of macromolecules was initially met with skepticism by many chemists who believed that such large, stable molecules could not exist.
- The study of macromolecules led to the development of many modern materials and a deeper understanding of biological processes.
Related words
Explore more words
Polymer, macronutrient, protein, Molecule, carbohydrate, microplastic
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