Elastomer

ih-LAS-tuh-mer /ɪˈlæstəmər/
nounC1GRE
formaltechnical

A natural or synthetic polymer having elastic properties, for example, rubber.

Elastomers are a specific type of polymer characterized by their ability to stretch significantly and return to their original shape. This property is due to their molecular structure, which allows for chain flexibility and cross-linking.

The story behind the word. The word 'elastomer' is a portmanteau, a blend of 'elastic' and 'polymer.' It was coined in the mid-20th century to specifically categorize polymers that exhibit rubber-like elasticity. This straightforward combination perfectly describes a material that is both a polymer and possesses the ability to stretch and return to its original shape.

Word relationships

  • rubber: Rubber is a common type of elastomer, but 'elastomer' is the broader scientific category.
  • elastic polymer: A descriptive phrase that means the same thing.
  • rigid plastic: A plastic that lacks significant elasticity.
  • brittle material: A material that breaks easily without deforming.

Commonly confused with

  • Plastic: Plastics are generally rigid or semi-rigid polymers; elastomers are specifically elastic polymers that can stretch and rebound.

Word family

  • elastomeric (adjective): having the properties of an elastomer

Collocations

  • synthetic elastomer
  • natural elastomer
  • thermoplastic elastomer
  • elastomer composites

Example sentences

  • "The unique molecular structure of the elastomer allows it to withstand repeated stretching and compression." Natural rubber is a well-known elastomer used in tires and seals.
  • "Silicone is a versatile elastomer prized for its biocompatibility and heat resistance." Synthetic elastomers are engineered for specific applications, such as medical implants.
  • "Researchers are exploring self-healing elastomers that can repair themselves after damage." The development of new elastomers is crucial for industries requiring flexible and durable materials.

Memory hook

It sounds like 'ELASTIC-polymer'. An elastomer is an elastic polymer, like rubber. Elastic polymer, rubber-like.

When not to use

Do not use 'elastomer' for rigid plastics or fibers that do not exhibit significant elastic recovery.

Fun facts

  • The elasticity of elastomers comes from their long, coiled polymer chains that can uncoil and recoil, often held together by a few cross-links.
  • Vulcanization, a process of heating rubber with sulfur, was discovered by Charles Goodyear and significantly improved the durability and elasticity of natural rubber, turning it into a useful elastomer.

Related words

Polymer, Plastic, Biopolymer

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