Monomer
MAH-nuh-mer
/ˈmɒnəmər/
A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.
Monomers are the fundamental building blocks. They must have reactive sites (like double bonds or functional groups) that allow them to link together.
The story behind the word. Like 'polymer,' 'monomer' also comes from Greek roots. It combines 'mono-', meaning 'single' or 'one,' with '-mer,' from 'meros,' meaning 'part' or 'unit.' This etymology perfectly captures its meaning as the single, fundamental unit that can be linked together to form a larger chain. The term emerged as chemists began to understand the repetitive nature of polymer structures.
Word relationships
- building block: A more general, less technical term for a fundamental unit.
- repeating unit: Refers to the unit as it exists within the polymer, rather than its independent form.
- polymer: A polymer is the large molecule formed from many monomers.
Commonly confused with
- Polymer: A monomer is a single building block; a polymer is the long chain built from many monomers.
Word family
- monomeric (adjective): consisting of a single monomer unit
Collocations
- monomer unit
- reactive monomer
- monomer concentration
- monomer addition
Example sentences
- "The vinyl chloride monomer undergoes a reaction to form long chains of polyvinyl chloride." In the production of PVC plastic, vinyl chloride serves as the essential monomer.
- "Each amino acid monomer has a unique side chain that gives it specific properties." Amino acids are the monomers that link together to create proteins.
- "Starch and cellulose are both polymers made from glucose monomers." Glucose is a common sugar that can act as a monomer to form complex carbohydrates.
Memory hook
Think 'MONO-rail' (one rail) and 'MONO-mer' (one part). It's the single unit. One part, building block.
When not to use
Do not use 'monomer' for a molecule that cannot participate in a polymerization reaction, or for a single unit within an already formed polymer chain (though it's derived from monomers).
Fun facts
- Some monomers are highly toxic or volatile, requiring special handling during industrial polymerization processes.
- The ability of monomers to link together is often due to the presence of double bonds that can open up and form new connections.
Related words
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