stagnation

stag-NAY-shun /stæɡˈneɪ.ʃən/
nounC1GREIELTSCAT
economicacademic

The state of not flowing or moving; lack of activity, growth, or development.

Often used for economies or careers that have stopped progressing.

The story behind the word. It comes from 'stagnum,' which is a pond or pool of water that doesn't flow. Just as a pool of water becomes smelly and unhealthy if it doesn't move, so does an economy or a mind.

Word relationships

  • standstill: Standstill is a complete stop; stagnation is a lack of growth or fresh movement.
  • growth: The process of increasing in size or importance.

Commonly confused with

  • stability: Stability is positive (not falling); stagnation is negative (not growing).

Word family

  • stagnate (verb): To stop developing or making progress.
  • stagnant (adjective): Showing no activity; dull and sluggish.

Collocations

  • economic stagnation
  • cultural stagnation
  • period of stagnation

Idioms & expressions

  • stuck in a rut
  • dead in the water

Example sentences

  • "The country is facing a period of economic stagnation with high unemployment." Economics
  • "He felt a sense of stagnation in his job and decided it was time for a change." Personal growth

Memory hook

Stagnation is like a 'Stag-Nation'—a nation of deer just standing still in the woods. Standing water.

When not to use

Don't use for a temporary pause; it implies a long-term, unhealthy lack of movement.

Fun facts

  • The term 'stagflation' was coined in the 1970s to describe a mix of stagnation and inflation.

Related words

obsolescence, paradigm

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