bilingual

by-LING-gwuhl /baɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/
adjectivenounB1IELTSTOEFL
General

Speaking two languages fluently.

Can refer to an individual or a region/society where two languages are used.

The story behind the word. Formed from the Latin 'bi-' (two) and 'lingua' (tongue). It entered English in the mid-19th century as global travel and trade made the need for two languages more apparent.

Word relationships

  • diglossic: Diglossic is a technical term for a society using two languages, often for different social functions.
  • monolingual: Speaking only one language.

Commonly confused with

  • polyglot: Bilingual is exactly two; polyglot is many.

Word family

  • bilingualism (noun): The ability to speak two languages.

Collocations

  • bilingual education
  • perfectly bilingual
  • bilingual dictionary

Example sentences

  • "Montreal is a famously bilingual city where most residents switch effortlessly between French and English." Describing a city's policy.
  • "Research suggests that bilingual children often develop better problem-solving skills." Educational benefits.

Memory hook

A 'BI-cycle' has two wheels; a 'BI-lingual' person has two 'tongues' (languages). Two tongues, one speaker.

When not to use

Do not use for someone who only knows a few words in a second language; they must be functional in both.

Fun facts

  • More than half of the world's population is estimated to be at least bilingual.

Related words

polyglot, linguistics

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