supplement

SUP-luh-ment /ˈsʌplɪmənt/
nounverbB1IELTSTOEFLACT
generalmedicalbusiness

A substance taken to remedy the deficiencies in a person's diet; something that completes or enhances something else when added to it.

In health, it implies something added to a healthy lifestyle, not a replacement for food or medicine.

The story behind the word. From 'sub-' (below/up) and 'plere' (to fill). It’s the same root that gives us 'supply' and 'plenty.' It literally means to fill up from below.

Word relationships

  • addition: Addition is just adding something; supplement implies adding something to fill a gap or improve the whole.

Commonly confused with

  • complement: A complement completes something; a supplement adds to it to enhance it or fill a deficiency.

Word family

  • supplementary (adjective): Completing or enhancing something.
  • supplemental (adjective): Provided in addition to what is already present.

Collocations

  • dietary supplement
  • vitamin supplement
  • supplement the income
  • nutritional supplement

Example sentences

  • "If you don't get enough sunlight, you might need a Vitamin D supplement during the winter." Nutrition advice.
  • "Dietary supplements are regulated by the FDA as food, not as drugs." Regulatory definition. (U.S. Food and Drug Administration)

Memory hook

SUP-plement: It 'SUP-plies' what is missing. Fill the gap.

When not to use

Don't call a primary medication a 'supplement.' Supplements are secondary.

Fun facts

  • The most common supplement in the world is the multivitamin, though its benefits for healthy individuals are still debated by scientists.

Related words

herbalism, remedy, wellness

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