complement

KOM-pluh-ment /ˈkɒm.plɪ.mɛnt/
nounverbB2GRESATTOEFLIELTS
FormalAcademic

Something that completes or brings to perfection; to add to something in a way that enhances or completes it.

Refers to two or more things that work together to form a whole or bring out the best in each other.

The story behind the word. In Classical Latin, 'complementum' described that which fills up a void or completes a quantity. It entered Middle English directly from Latin legal and military terminology where a 'full complement' meant a fully stocked ship or crew. The spelling with 'e' preserves its direct link to 'complete'.

Word relationships

  • counterpart: 'Counterpart' emphasizes equivalent role across different contexts, while 'complement' emphasizes mutual completion.
  • supplement: 'Supplement' adds extra material to an already existing whole, whereas 'complement' completes what would otherwise be incomplete.
  • clash: 'Clash' implies disharmony, whereas 'complement' implies harmonious completion.

Commonly confused with

  • compliment: 'Complement' with an 'e' completes or enhances; 'compliment' with an 'i' praises or flatters.

Word family

  • complementary (adjective): Serving to complete or balance.
  • complementation (noun): The process or state of completing.

Collocations

  • perfect complement
  • complement each other
  • full complement

Example sentences

  • "The sharp acidity of the lemon drizzle serves as a perfect complement to the rich, buttery cake." Culinary balance
  • "Her analytical mindset will complement his visionary, big-picture approach to project management." Team dynamics

Memory hook

Remember the 'E' in ComplEment stands for ComplEte and EnhancE. ComplEment complEtes.

When not to use

Do not use when offering praise or admiration; that requires 'compliment'.

Fun facts

  • In naval terminology, a ship's 'complement' is the exact number of officers and crew required to operate it at full capacity.
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