extremism
ik-STREE-miz-uhm
/ɪkˈstriːmɪzəm/
The holding of extreme political or religious views; fanaticism.
Refers to beliefs or actions that are far outside the mainstream, often characterized by intolerance, rigid adherence to ideology, and a willingness to use drastic measures to achieve goals.
The story behind the word. The word 'extremism' comes from the Latin 'extremus,' meaning 'outermost' or 'furthest.' It literally refers to being at the furthest point or edge. In English, 'extreme' developed to mean reaching the highest or greatest degree. So, 'extremism' describes the adherence to views or actions that are at the far end of the spectrum, far from the moderate or mainstream.
Word relationships
- fanaticism: Fanaticism emphasizes excessive zeal and devotion; extremism focuses on the extreme nature of the views themselves.
- radicalism: Radicalism is the belief in radical change; extremism is the holding of views that are far outside the norm, which may or may not be about change.
- moderation: The avoidance of extremes or excesses.
- centrism: Adherence to a moderate political course.
Commonly confused with
- conservatism: Conservatism is a political philosophy emphasizing tradition and limited change; extremism is about holding views far outside the norm, regardless of political leaning.
Word family
- extremist (noun/adjective): A person who holds extreme political or religious views; relating to extremism.
- extreme (adjective): Reaching the highest or greatest degree; very great.
Collocations
- political extremism
- religious extremism
- violent extremism
- combat extremism
Example sentences
- "The rise of political extremism on both sides of the spectrum threatens the stability of democratic institutions." Analyzing the causes of social unrest.
- "Combating religious extremism requires addressing its root causes, including poverty, lack of education, and social injustice." From a report on national security.
Memory hook
Think of views that are at the 'EXTREME' end of the spectrum, far from the middle. EXTREME views
When not to use
Do not use 'extremism' to describe strong but mainstream political or religious beliefs. It implies a departure from widely accepted norms and often suggests a potential for radical action.
Related words
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