insurgency

in-SUR-jen-see /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənsi/
nounC1GRESATTOEFLIELTS
formalneutral

An active revolt or uprising within a country, aimed at overthrowing the established government or authority.

Often implies a protracted struggle by a non-state actor against a recognized government, typically involving guerrilla tactics, and seeking to gain popular support.

The story behind the word. The word 'insurgency' comes from the Latin 'insurgere,' meaning 'to rise up' or 'to rise against.' This root perfectly captures the image of a group rising in opposition to an established power. It entered English in the 18th century, initially referring to a rising or rebellion, and later specifically to a political revolt.

Word relationships

  • rebellion: Rebellion is a broader term for resistance to authority; insurgency specifically implies an organized, often armed, political movement.
  • revolt: Revolt can be a spontaneous uprising; insurgency is typically more sustained and strategic.
  • submission: The act of yielding to authority.
  • obedience: Compliance with an order or law.

Commonly confused with

  • revolution: A revolution is a complete overthrow of a government or social order; an insurgency is a stage or type of conflict that may lead to a revolution but isn't necessarily one.

Word family

  • insurgent (noun/adjective): A person who takes part in an insurgency; relating to an insurgency.

Collocations

  • armed insurgency
  • violent insurgency
  • counter-insurgency
  • suppress an insurgency

Example sentences

  • "The government struggled to contain the growing insurgency in the southern provinces, where rebel groups had established strongholds." Analyzing political instability in a region.
  • "A successful insurgency requires not only military prowess but also the ability to win the hearts and minds of the local population." From a historical account of a civil war.

Memory hook

Think of 'SURGE' in 'inSURGEncy' – a surge of people rising up against authority. SURGE-up

When not to use

Do not use 'insurgency' for a simple protest or riot; it implies an organized, sustained, and often armed rebellion with political objectives.

Related words

guerrilla, militant

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