orthodoxy

OR-thuh-dock-see /ˈɔːθədɒksi/
nounC1GRESATUPSC
formalacademic

Authorized or generally accepted theory, doctrine, or practice.

Focuses on correctness of belief according to established standards; can refer specifically to Eastern Orthodox Christianity or generally to conventional wisdom.

The story behind the word. The ancient Greek word 'orthos' meant straight or correct (seen also in 'orthodontist', one who straightens teeth). Combined with 'doxa' (opinion or praise), 'orthodoxy' literally translates to 'straight thinking' or 'right belief'. Early Christian theologians used it to distinguish authorized doctrines from unorthodox philosophical movements.

Word relationships

  • conventional wisdom: Conventional wisdom refers to general public consensus, whereas orthodoxy implies institutional or theological backing.
  • heterodoxy: Heterodoxy means holding opinions that differ from official, accepted standards.
  • heresy: Heresy is an active rejection or violation of established orthodoxy.

Commonly confused with

  • orthopedics: Orthodoxy means 'correct belief', while orthopedics comes from 'orthos' (straight) + 'pais' (child), originally fixing straight posture.

Word family

  • orthodox (adjective): Conforming to accepted or established standards.
  • unorthodox (adjective): Contrary to traditional or accepted rules.

Collocations

  • religious orthodoxy
  • economic orthodoxy
  • challenge orthodoxy
  • strict orthodoxy

Example sentences

  • "In '1984', George Orwell wrote that 'Orthodoxy means not thinking—not needing to think. Orthodoxy is unconsciousness.'" Literary Citation (George Orwell, 1984 (1949))
  • "The young economist challenged financial orthodoxy by arguing that government spending could curb inflation during recessions." Economic Context

Memory hook

ORTHO (straight) + DOXA (opinion) = Straight, correct opinions. Straight thinking keeps you in line.

When not to use

Do not use to describe innovative, experimental, or rebellious ideas.

Fun facts

  • In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the word 'doxa' carries a double meaning of both 'correct belief' and 'correct worship/praise'.

Related words

dogma, canon, heresy

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