ideology
eye-dee-OL-uh-jee
/ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/
A system of ideas, beliefs, and values that forms the basis of political, economic, or social theory.
In sociological criticism, ideology often implies a set of shared beliefs that conceals class contradictions and justifies existing power arrangements.
The story behind the word. Coined during the French Revolution by philosopher Antoine Destutt de Tracy, 'idéologie' was meant to be a rigorous 'science of ideas.' Napoleon Bonaparte later used the term derogatorily to mock idealists. Karl Marx subsequently redefined it as a set of illusory beliefs that obscure true economic realities.
Word relationships
- worldview: 'Worldview' is a neutral personal perspective, while 'ideology' often denotes an organized system of socio-political doctrines.
- creed: 'Creed' typically refers to formal religious belief, whereas 'ideology' applies to political and economic frameworks.
- pragmatism: Pragmatism relies on practical outcomes rather than adherence to strict doctrinal frameworks.
Commonly confused with
- idealism: Idealism is chasing high standards or belief in ideas over matter; ideology is a structured system of political/social ideas.
Word family
- ideological (adjective): Based on or relating to a particular ideology.
- ideologue (noun): An uncompromising adherent to a political ideology.
Collocations
- dominant ideology
- political ideology
- prevailing ideology
- ideology critique
Example sentences
- "The debate over tax rates reflected a fundamental conflict of political ideology." Political debate on economic models.
- "The ruling ideas of each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling class, constituting its dominant ideology." Critique of historical belief systems. (Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto (1848))
Memory hook
IDEO-LOGY: The LOGIC behind a set of social IDEAS. The systematic logic underlying political beliefs.
When not to use
Avoid using it as a synonym for an individual's personal temporary opinion.
Fun facts
- Napoleon blamed 'ideologues' for France's military setbacks, popularizing the negative connotation of being an impractical dreamer.
Related words
Explore more words
doctrine, paradigm, methodology, Framework, creed, realpolitik
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