Virtual

VER-choo-uhl /ˈvɜːrtʃuəl/
adjB2TOEFL
GeneralTechnical

Almost or nearly as described, but not literally or actually; (computing) not physically existing as such but made to appear by computer software.

Implies existence in essence or effect, often simulated or created by technology, rather than physical reality.

The story behind the word. The word 'virtual' comes from the Late Latin 'virtualis', which itself derives from the Latin 'virtus', meaning 'excellence, manliness, virtue'. In medieval Latin, 'virtualis' came to mean 'effective, potent', or 'having the power to produce a certain effect'. This sense of 'being in effect, though not in fact' is what led to its modern meaning, especially in computing, where something exists in essence but not physically.

Word relationships

  • Simulated: Specifically refers to imitating the appearance or character of something.
  • Online: Means connected to a network; 'virtual' describes the nature of the existence.
  • Conceptual: Relating to abstract ideas, not necessarily computer-generated.
  • Actual: Existing in reality; real.
  • Physical: Relating to the body as opposed to the mind or spirit; tangible.
  • Real: Actually existing as such rather than imaginary, fictitious, or theoretical.

Commonly confused with

  • Digital: 'Virtual' implies a simulated reality; 'digital' describes data in discrete units.

Word family

  • virtually (adv): Almost; nearly; in essence or effect but not in fact.
  • virtualize (verb): To create a virtual version of (something).

Collocations

  • virtual reality
  • virtual meeting
  • virtual assistant
  • virtual world
  • virtual machine

Example sentences

  • "The architect presented a `virtual` tour of the building before construction even began." Referring to computer simulations.
  • "Due to the pandemic, many conferences shifted to a `virtual` format, allowing global participation." Describing online meetings.
  • "He was the `virtual` leader of the group, even though he held no official title." In a philosophical sense.

Memory hook

Think of `virtue` as a quality that exists in essence. `Virtual` things exist in essence, like a `virtual` world that isn't physically real. Essence, not physical

When not to use

Do not use 'virtual' to describe something that is entirely real and physical, or something that is merely digital but not simulating a real-world counterpart.

Fun facts

  • The term 'virtual reality' was popularized in the late 1980s.
  • In physics, 'virtual particles' are theoretical particles that exist for a very short time and mediate forces.

Related words

Online, Digital

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