Home › Technology › Ethics in Science & Tech › surveillance

surveillance

ser-VAY-luns /sərˈveɪləns/

nounC1GRETOEFLIELTS

formalgeneral

Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal.

Often implies systematic monitoring, frequently by authorities or technology, and can raise privacy concerns.

The story behind the word. The word 'surveillance' comes from French, combining 'sur' (over) and 'veiller' (to watch), literally meaning 'to watch over.' It entered English in the late 18th century, initially referring to the supervision of prisoners. Over time, its application broadened to include any close observation, especially by authorities, and has become a central term in discussions about security and privacy.

Word relationships

monitoring: Continuous observation of a process or activity, often for data collection or control.
observation: The action or process of observing something or someone carefully or in order to gain information.
vigilance: The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.

neglect: The state of being uncared for.
inattention: Lack of attention.

Word family

surveil (verb): to keep under surveillance.

Collocations

digital surveillance
mass surveillance
video surveillance
constant surveillance
under surveillance

Example sentences

"Government agencies employ extensive surveillance measures to prevent terrorist attacks." Discussing national security.
"Employees expressed discomfort with the constant digital surveillance of their computer activity." In a workplace setting.
"The suspect was placed under 24-hour surveillance following the tip-off." A news report.

Memory hook

Think of 'SURVIVAL' often requiring 'SURVEILLANCE' to stay safe from threats. Watch over.

When not to use

Do not use 'surveillance' for casual observation or simply watching. It implies a more systematic, often official, and continuous monitoring.

Fun facts

The Panopticon, a type of institutional building designed by Jeremy Bentham in the late 18th century, is a classic architectural representation of surveillance, allowing a single watchman to observe all inmates without them knowing if they are being watched.