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hierarchy

HIGH-uh-rar-kee /ˈhaɪərɑːrki/

nounC1GRETOEFL

neutralformal

A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.

Implies a structured order of power, responsibility, or importance, often visualized as a pyramid.

The story behind the word. The word 'hierarchy' comes from the Greek 'hierarkhia,' meaning 'rule of a high priest.' It's a combination of 'hieros' (meaning 'sacred' or 'holy') and 'arkhein' (meaning 'to rule' or 'to be first'). Originally, it referred to the organization of the clergy in the church. Over time, its meaning broadened to describe any system of ranking or organization where elements are placed one above another based on authority or status.

Word relationships

ranking: The arrangement of items in order of importance or quality; can be a component of a hierarchy.
pecking order: An informal term, often used for social groups, referring to a system where some individuals dominate others.
chain of command: Specifically refers to the line of authority in an organization, from top to bottom.

anarchy: Absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual, regarded as a political ideal.
equality: The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities.

Word family

hierarchical (adjective): Of the nature of a hierarchy; arranged in order of rank.

Collocations

strict hierarchy
flat hierarchy
organizational hierarchy
social hierarchy
clear hierarchy

Example sentences

"The company's rigid hierarchy made it difficult for junior employees to propose new ideas directly to senior management." Discussing corporate structure.
"Even in seemingly egalitarian societies, a social hierarchy often emerges based on wealth, influence, or education." Analyzing social systems.

Memory hook

A 'HIERARCHY' is a 'HIGH' 'ARCH' (ruling) system, with levels of power. High rule

When not to use

Don't use 'hierarchy' for a flat organizational structure where everyone has equal status or for a simple list without ranking.

Fun facts

The original use of 'hierarchy' was strictly ecclesiastical, referring to the graded orders of angels or the clergy.
Many modern organizations strive for a 'flat hierarchy' to promote agility and empower employees, contrasting with traditional 'tall hierarchies'.