replication

rep-li-KAY-shun /ˌrɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/
nounC1GRE
FormalScientific

The process of duplicating or producing an exact copy, especially of DNA.

In biology, specifically refers to the precise copying of genetic material (DNA or chromosomes) to ensure that each new cell receives a complete set.

The story behind the word. 'Replication' comes from the Latin replicare, meaning 'to fold back' or 'to repeat.' In the context of DNA, it perfectly describes the process where the double helix 'unfolds' and each strand serves as a template to 'repeat' or make a new complementary strand, resulting in two identical copies.

Word relationships

  • duplication: General term for making a copy; 'replication' implies a precise, often biological, process.
  • reproduction: Can refer to the creation of new organisms, not just genetic material.
  • destruction: The act of ending existence.
  • original: The first or initial item, not a copy.

Word family

  • replicate (verb): To make an exact copy of; reproduce.

Collocations

  • DNA replication
  • viral replication
  • accurate replication

Example sentences

  • "Before a cell divides, its DNA undergoes replication, creating two identical copies of the entire genome." Describing DNA copying.
  • "For scientific findings to be considered robust, independent researchers must be able to achieve replication of the results." Referring to experimental validity.

Memory hook

'Replication' is like making a 'REPLI-CA' of something, an exact copy. Exact copy.

When not to use

While 'replication' can mean general copying, in biology it has the precise meaning of DNA or chromosome duplication. For general copying, 'duplication' or 'copying' might be more appropriate.

Fun facts

  • DNA replication is incredibly fast, with human cells copying thousands of base pairs per second.
  • Errors during DNA replication are a primary source of mutations.

Related words

DNA, cell

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