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biotechnology

BY-oh-TEK-nuh-loh-jee /ˌbaɪ.oʊ.ˈtɛk.nɑː.lə.dʒi/

nounC1GRETOEFLIELTS

formalscientific

The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially for the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.

Often implies the application of technology to biological systems, frequently involving genetic modification or advanced molecular techniques, to create products or solve problems.

The story behind the word. The word 'biotechnology' is a relatively modern coinage, appearing in the early 20th century. It combines the Greek 'bios' meaning 'life' with 'techne' meaning 'art' or 'skill,' and 'logia' meaning 'study.' Essentially, it's the 'study of the art of life,' reflecting its focus on using living systems and organisms to create useful products or processes.

Word relationships

bioengineering: Often used interchangeably, but 'bioengineering' emphasizes the engineering principles applied to biological systems, while 'biotechnology' focuses more broadly on the use of biological systems for practical applications.
genetic engineering: A specific technique within biotechnology that involves direct manipulation of an organism's genes.

Commonly confused with

biology: Biology is the general study of life; biotechnology is the application of biological knowledge to create products or processes.

Word family

biotechnological (adjective): Relating to biotechnology.
biotechnologist (noun): A person who works in biotechnology.

Collocations

modern biotechnology
agricultural biotechnology
medical biotechnology
biotechnology company
biotechnology research

Example sentences

"The field of biotechnology has revolutionized medicine, leading to new treatments for previously incurable diseases." Discussing modern scientific advancements.
"Advances in biotechnology allow scientists to develop crops that are more resistant to pests and drought." Referring to agricultural innovation.
"The ethical implications of biotechnology, particularly gene editing, are a subject of ongoing debate." From a scientific journal.

Memory hook

Think of 'BIO' (life) + 'TECHNOLOGY' (tools/methods). It's using technology on living things. Life-Tech

When not to use

Avoid using it as a general term for all biological research; it specifically refers to the application of biological science through technology.

Fun facts

The term 'biotechnology' was first coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Károly Ereky.
Early forms of biotechnology include brewing beer, making cheese, and baking bread, all of which use microorganisms.