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draft

DRAFT /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

nounverbB2SAT

StandardMilitary

(n) compulsory enrollment for military service; (v) to select for compulsory military service.

As a noun, 'the draft' refers to the system itself, or the selection process. As a verb, it means to select individuals from the general population for service.

The story behind the word. The word 'draft' comes from the Old English word 'dragan,' meaning 'to draw or drag.' This root gave us many meanings, including drawing a picture or drawing a line. The military sense of 'draft' emerged from the idea of 'drawing' names or lots to select individuals for service, a practice common in historical conscription systems.

Word relationships

conscription (n): Nearly identical in meaning when referring to compulsory military service.
call-up (n): Refers to the order or summons for service, which can be part of a draft system.

volunteer (v): To offer service willingly, rather than being compelled.

Commonly confused with

recruit: 'Draft' implies compulsory selection, whereas 'recruit' can be either voluntary or involuntary, but often refers to the active process of seeking new members.

Word family

drafter (noun): a person who drafts (in various senses, including one who drafts documents or plans).

Collocations

military draft
to be drafted
draft board
draft lottery
draft dodger

Idioms & expressions

to draft a bill (unrelated meaning)

Example sentences

"The government instituted a military draft during the war, requiring all eligible young men to register." Historical context of military service
"He was drafted into the army shortly after his 18th birthday, much to his family's dismay." The act of selection
"The debate over whether to reinstate the draft often resurfaces during times of international tension." Referring to the system

Memory hook

Think of 'drawing' names out of a hat for military service – you get 'drafted'. Draft = DRAWN for duty

When not to use

While 'draft' has many meanings (e.g., a rough copy, a current of air), in the military context, it specifically refers to compulsory service. Do not use it for voluntary enlistment.

Fun facts

The term 'draft dodger' became prominent during the Vietnam War era for those who evaded military service.